The Effects Of Sleep On Cognitive Function - 1656 Words

In the present study we sought to characterize abnormalities in sleep architecture and quality, in a cohort of patients with medically refractory versus and controlled epilepsy, versus normal healthy controls and to study the effect of sleep parameters on cognitive function in these groups. The main observations made were of significantly longer self-reported and polysomnographic TST in patients with refractory epilepsy in comparison to controlled epilepsy and healthy controls. Sleep architecture was also found to be markedly disturbed among epilepsy patients in both groups, with prolonged REM latencies, and frequent arousals and awakenings although these abnormalities were statistically similar between the groups. Our main observation is that higher total sleep time has a negative correlation with memory and executive function performance. Sleep parameters among patients with epilepsy: Pereira A et al in 2012,(Pereira et al., 2012) in 25 drug refractory epilepsy pediatric patients, reported that they had showed a decrease of total sleep time (TST), of N3, and of REM sleep and an increase in WASO and decreased sleep efficiency. A similar study involving 40 pediatric age group patients, reported that intractable epilepsy patients have longer sleep latency poor sleep efficiency along with higher arousal index as compared to medically controlled epilepsy (Kaleyias et al., 2008). In a previous study of ours(Zanzmera et al.,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Basic Vital Signs And Cognitive Function Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pages A Review of a Sleep Deprivation Study The Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation on Basic Vital Signs and Cognitive Function in Humans Leighton S. Holliday University of the People Introduction In today’s society sleep deprivation has reached a level where it becomes a serious problem and over the past thirty years scientist have been studying the negative consequences of insufficient sleep. It is recommended that we get an average of eight hours of sleep each night, however, due to thisRead MoreWhat Happens When A Healthy Sleep Pattern Affects An Individual s Cognitive Functioning866 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"healthy† night sleep in modern society, which has led to a large increase in the amount of epidemiological research, focusing on how a healthy sleep pattern can influence an individual’s cognitive functioning; during their normal day to day lives. There is no question that sleep is a fundamental behaviour and a key aspect of human life, Not only does it â€Å"allow us to recharge our run-down bodies and recover from physical and mental fatigue† Hess, (1965), but also is vital for â€Å"Normal cognitive and brainRead MoreThe Effects Of Sl eep Deprivation On Prospective Memory Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Prospective Memory Sleep is one of the key essentials for cognitive performance, yet it is accounted that most people do not receive a sufficient amount. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported in 2016 that on average, 50-70 million Americans do not receive the proper amount of sleep per night. This concept is more commonly referred to as sleep deprivation. By definition, sleep deprivation is simply not getting enough or the lack of sleep. As theRead MoreThe Causes of Sleep Deprivation1096 Words   |  4 PagesIn Western cultures, the biggest cause of sleep deprivation is stress mostly as a result of being sick, overworking and shift working, drugs, or examinations (Pinel, 2014). Sleep loss can lead to impairment in decision-making. Two studies have been conducted that look at twenty-four hours of sleep deprivation and focus on the effect it has on making complex decisions. Essentially, what is the effect of total sleep deprivation in decision-making? In 2009, David Schyner and his colleagues had theRead MoreHow Sleep Is Needed For Optimum Performance1352 Words   |  6 Pagesduring twelfth grade. Over the years, early school start times has been attributed to some of the reasons why students have been unable to perform well because they have been deprived of sleep. Sleep is an essential part of our daily lives and without it, we will be unable to function, as it is known that sleep is needed for optimum performance. It is one of the factors that determines how much effort we put into our daily activities, and it has several health benefits on our minds asides from theRead MoreSleep Deprivation Is A Wide Spread Phenomenon1277 Words   |  6 PagesSleep is one of our most basic physiological needs and getting enough of it is paramount to keeping our bodies and minds functioning at optimal performance. The amount of sleep needed varies and decreases by age. From 12-18 hours needed by a newborn to 7-9 hours needed by a health adul t. The basal sleep need varies by individual with some people requiring more or less sleep than others (Czeisler 2014). When an individual does not get enough sleep they enter a state of sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivationRead MoreSleep Deprivation And Its Effects On Society1431 Words   |  6 Pagesthe community, sleep usually falls by the wayside as the struggle to maintain a healthy balance of activities and work continues. Sleep deprivation can actually be very devastating, having a huge affects on work ethic and focus. Sleep deprivation is â€Å"the condition of being robbed of sleep,† according to Dictionary.com. â€Å"A chronic sleep-restricted state can cause fatigue, daytime sleepiness, clumsiness, weight loss or weight gain,† giving it a substantial impact on how one functions on a day-to-dayRead MoreHow Can Help Improve Grades For College Students Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesprofessor, finding a tutor, but the one that is often overlooked is getting m ore sleep. Sleep is often the last thing on a college student’s mind and in most instances will be sacrificed first. Students who sleep less, have more irregular sleep, and report the latest bedtimes typically have lower grade point average (Onyper 319). For this reason, sleep should be looked at closely when trying to improve grades. The sleep needs required for the age group of 18-23 is 8 hours to perform at optimal levelsRead MoreThe Cumulative Cost Of Additional Wakefulness : Dose Response Effects On Neurobehavioral Functions And Sleep Physiology From Chronic Sleep887 Words   |  4 PagesWakefulness: Dose-Response Effects on Neurobehavioral Functions and Sleep Physiology From Chronic Sleep Restriction and Total Sleep Deprivation (P.A., H., Greg, M., Janet M., M., David F., D. (2003)†. This article was written and submitted for publication in 2003. I found this article very interesting due to the fact that I myself, work off a very unusual work schedule and feel t hat I am a victim of sleep deprivation personally. For example, I find that I maintain from 4-7.5 hours of sleep a night. This hasRead More The Importance of Nutrition and Sleeping Habits In The Classroom913 Words   |  4 Pagessleeping habits is very important for education. It is important for children and adolescents to perform well in the classroom so that they get the most out of their education. Having poor sleeping habits or poor eating habits can have many harmful effects on a child’s classroom performance. If children have good eating habits as well as good sleeping habits they will perform better and be able to live up to their potential. Good nutrition is very important for children in all areas of their life

Globalization The World Of Politics And The Human...

Globalization influences many aspects of human life, it is a process of change, the process of collaboration and integration among the people and businesses of different nations, it is a process propelled by trade, investment and technology. The process of globalization has great purpose for bring people together and sharing ideas however, it has effects on the environment, culture, the economy, politics and the human population (Globalization 101). Globalization has effected the environment due to human productivity; cars, technology, mining, farming and the advancements of different products. Globalization has effected culture due to the diffusion of ideas, beliefs and values around the world extending the social relationships with people around the world. Globalization has also effected the economy in the assimilation and cooperation of local, regional and national economies around the world. Globalization has also effected the world of politics and the collaboration of different governments in political affairs and policies. Globalization has also impacted the human population due to the migration of people around the world, changes in birth rates and also in the rate at which the elderly are passing due to improvements in medicine. Although globalization provides societies with ways of interacting and sharing ideas; it is causing harm to our planet in the way of global warming. Globalization effects many aspects of life such as in culture, the economy, politics and theShow MoreRelatedThe First Glimpse Of Globalization1573 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is the process in which a world-wide circulation of goods, ideas, and people takes place. Historically, there were two periods of profound expansion, the 15th and 16th century and 20th and 21st century. In both cases, these eras of globalization were preceded by periods of enriched thinking, sharing, and scientific revolutions. The renaissance is a prime example of an era when ideas and knowledge flouri shed and spread throughout Europe. This newfound age of discovery resulted in globalRead MoreGlobalization Is A Process Of Interaction And Integration Among The People, Companies, And Countries1367 Words   |  6 PagesRebecca McCormick Globalization position paper Geography October 27, 2015 What is globalization? Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations. It is a process driven by international trade and investment aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, culture, political systems, economic development and prosperity, and human physical well-being in societies around the world. For thousands ofRead MoreThe Global Challenges of Comparative Politics1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe Global Challenges of Comparative Politics Introduction to Comparative Politics-Studies how different countries both shape and are shaped by the world. 1989,2001, and 2008 define the current era of world politics-describes a particular important moment; critical juncture. A frequently cited date is 1989, when the Berlin wall was dismantled. 1989 ushered in three important changes. Marked the end of a bipolar world-marked the emergence of a unipolar world. Marked the triumph of one model ofRead MoreGlobalization of the Economy1729 Words   |  7 PagesEconomic globalization has voluminous positive influences on international security as well. The most important effect of economic globalization is that it curbs the authority of state. It also reduces states’ dependence on military based security and ultimately reduces states’ monopoly on security. This effect is considered by many, a prime factor contributing towards peace and stability. There are number of factors associated with economic globalization which affects states authority. FirstlyRead MoreGlobalizations Influence on Contemporary International Relations1213 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization is a social process independent of man’s will. It is also a dynamic development process with inner contradictions and a dual nature. Although it provides a rare historic opportunity for many countries to develop, it also creates differences, competition and conflicts of interest. Globalization’s contradictions and dual nature also exert a complicated influence on contemporary international relations. While globalization deepens mutual dependence and further promotes this era’s trendRead MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Globalization1097 Words   |  5 Pagesactivities that connects to globalization. Globalization in a broad sense is the process or processes that increase the movement of people, culture, technology, ideologies and information across the world. In the case of technology everyday activities are becoming faster, closer, and easier than they had ever been. It allows us to have access to virtually anything, communication has never been easier. The technological advances all around the world is a result of globalization. With a click of a buttonRead MoreThe European Union878 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Human dignity, democracy, freedom, equality, rule of law and respect for human rights, these are the core values that comprise the organization: the European Union. From economics to politics, the organization has grown to include most of the European countries. Their policies emphasize the rule of law; meaning every action executed within the organization is founded on treaties, along with the agreement of the participating countries. Its focus continues to promote human rights, as wellRead MoreGlobalization Is Not A New Concept1465 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: In this rapidly changing world Globalization has become the way to describe changes in international economy and in world politics. Globalization is not a new concept. After world war II powerful countries tried to capture free market of developed and underdeveloped countries. That’s how that globalization starts. David Bigman says in his book called â€Å"Globalization and the Least Developed Countries: Potentials and Pitfalls† that Globalization has become one of the most emotional wordRead MoreThe Integration Of Globalization907 Words   |  4 PagesRelevancy of Globalization The term ‘globalization’ has become the paradigm of explaining the interconnectedness of the world and its inhabitants. While there are numerous definitions, the one coined by Gao Shangquan fits into context: Economic globalization refers to the increasing interdependence of world economies as a result of the growing scale of cross-border trade of commodities and services, flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies. Since the beginning of human migrationRead MoreThe Conflict Between the Ukraine and Russia Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesUkraines population from both Eastern and Western regions in terms of linguistics, religion and ethnicity (Lucas 2009). Furthermore, the Ukraine and Russia have always shared a history; as both states are embodiments of the process of transformation, that have risen from the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the end of the Cold War. The Ukraine’s material legacy is demographically and territorially close to Russia, thereby, tying the Ukraine to Russia. Current Situation: Globalization: Globalization

Benchmark Jobs Free Essays

In the business world today, many companies are made up of benchmark jobs and also non-benchmark jobs. A benchmark job is an occupation that is common throughout that field of work. Therefore, it is a job that has standard responsibilities that can be found from one organization to another. We will write a custom essay sample on Benchmark Jobs or any similar topic only for you Order Now A non-benchmark job is just the opposite. It is a job that it is unique to the organization and cannot be found in other organizations of the same occupation. Through our interviews one will be able to have a better understanding of a benchmark job, with it being applied to reality. Also, through reading, â€Å"Lectures on the Measurement and Evaluation† by Saul Rosen one will be able to clearly identify a benchmark job. Throughout this article, it goes into detail about real and synthetic benchmark job. As stated in the article, a synthetic benchmark job is one that has been designed specifically for inclusion in a benchmark model. They use this model of benchmark jobs for system measurements or testing of evaluation. Throughout the paper we will discuss the importance of benchmark jobs, the process of determination, what has been found in the past, future research, and discussion on personal interviews and information from articles and books. In the end the reader will be able to have a better understanding from our research on benchmark jobs. The importance of a benchmark job Many individuals may wonder why benchmark jobs are important to an organization. Companies use benchmark jobs as a form of evaluation in order to better their company. Through this information it opens the eyes of the organization to be able to see many new methods and ideas that they may not of otherwise been able to acknowledge. They use these methods and ideas towards improving their effectiveness within the company. Another benefit of a benchmark job is that they can be applied to many different kinds of jobs and also newly created jobs. It is not built to only benefit a certain type of career. The benchmark job process In order to determine a benchmark job, the company can do a survey to compare jobs throughout their industry. There are several questions that a company can ask themselves in order to determine what occupations within their company are classified as a benchmark job. Why does the job exist? What knowledge is needed? What does the job consist of? What couldn’t be done without it? Does almost every company in our industry have this job? Simple questions like these can help businesses determine what jobs are a benchmark job. Some examples of a benchmark job would be a secretary in an administrative company, a scientist in a technical group, or an inspector in a manufacturing business. In the reading â€Å"Handbook of Industrial Engineering: Technology and Operations Management† it discusses the benchmark job process and how it is used for evaluations. The first step is to select a benchmark job. This is very critical to an evaluation, because the entire method is based on them. These benchmark jobs serve as reference points. The number of benchmark jobs for the evaluation varies, because it depends on the range and diversity of the work to be evaluated. Next, one will want to rank the benchmark job. They are ranked on each compensable factor, they use the example of a job family consisting of six jobs is first ranked on mental requirements, 1 being the highest, then on experience and skills, and so on. After each benchmark job is ranked on each factor the next step is to allocate the current wages of that benchmark job among the compensable factors. â€Å"This is done by deciding how much of the wage rate for each benchmark job is associated with mental demands, how much with physical requirements, and so on, across the compensable factors (Salvendy, Gavriel). † How to cite Benchmark Jobs, Essay examples

Media Deprivation Sample Essay Example For Students

Media Deprivation Sample Essay In today’s society about everyone is connected to some type of media whether they realize it or non. Media goes far beyond the typical computing machines. telecasting. wireless. or newspapers. In fact. media spans from picture taking and picture gambling to autos. planes. coachs and rinsing machines and vacuities. When challenged to strip myself from media for 8 consecutive hours. my first idea was that it was traveling to be impossible. Although it was hard at first to wholly cut myself off of what was so prevailing in my life. it was in fact possible. My first hr of the want started around one o’clock in the afternoon. To get down things off my fellow. Chris. and I made ourselves a delightful tiffin. We made jambon and turkey sandwiches with cheese. boodle. and tomatoes on a toasted whole wheat staff of life with honey mustard to add a small spot of a nip to it all. Chris besides made me caramel dark hot cocoa in his fancy Keurig java shaper. After we had sat down and finished our tiffin we walked to a nearby park. or at least I thought it was nearby when I was able to drive my auto. It turns out that what normally takes merely approximately 10 proceedingss driving ends up being about a half an hr walking. During our walk to Perinton Park. we played a game called xanthous auto. The nonsubjective if this game is to name out â€Å"yellow car† whenever you see one passing in the street. parked in a private road or parking batch or wherever one may be. The regulations to this game are that you can non name the auto if it is a company auto. if the auto is a xanthous clout roadster so it counts as two autos. and if you call a auto that is non xanthous. is a company auto. or the auto has been called by person else. you lose a point. At the terminal of the twenty-four hours whoever has the most points wins! Although it is instead difficult to larn all the regulations and to pick up all the xanthous autos. it is a fun manner to entertain yourself and to go through the clip while walking. Within my first hr of the media want my emotions were non any different than they were before I stared. Although my phone had been turned off for about an hr. I truly had no feeling to look into it or to turn it on to see what was go oning with my friends or household. I had no feelings of anxiousness or ennui like I predicted that I would. I as really experiencing reasonably good and was holding a merriment clip. When we eventually got to the park we sat down on one of my favourite xanthous vacillation benches and Chris drew a truly astonishing design. For about 45 proceedingss I sat in awe and watched him do swirling. elegant lines. He made about perfect circles in orange and green that were transformed into multiple peace marks. Zig-zags of blues and purples. random forms that poured onto the paper from his head had me mesmerized. We talked of class while he was pulling. but largely of small things like what my work agenda was or what yearss he had to work. We talked about school and our parents. about the dirt that people deal with when they are friends with certain people. I would look up from his paper filled with colour and inspiration and see an old married twosome walking down the canal way keeping custodies and walking their small old Canis familiaris. I would see a small male child of possibly 8 or 9 siting his motorcycle with assurance. right behind him was his male parent on his ain bike. What I saw reminded me of those old commercials for Kodak where it the announcer said it was a â€Å"Kodak minute. † To me. the scene that was playing out in the park was my really ain Kodak minute with all types of people brought together though one common involvement. this park. Vegetarianism EssayWe eventually got back place and decided that we would hold lemon crusted poulet with parmesan angel hair pasta. Not being able to utilize the cyberspace or cookery books to look up any formulas. we had to improvize. Our lemon crusted poulet was truly merely chicken with bread crumbs and lemon squeezed onto of it and our parmesan angel hair pasta was from a box so it was easy to boil H2O with some milk and so add the pasta and flavorer. Acerate leaf to state the poulet was non every bit appetizing as we had hoped but the pasta was instead delightful. By the clip we were done feeding and cleaned up the kitchen and did the dishes it was one-fourth to 8. We had a little more than an hr to kill and I was experiencing reasonably good about traveling all this clip without media. Despite acquiring frustrated when Chris reminded me that we weren’t allowed to utilize the computing machine to look up dinner formulas. I was pleased and proud of myself for traveling about 7 hours with no media of any sort. I was non really disquieted about what my friends might be believing since I hadn’t answered any messages that I might hold received. but I was a small disquieted about what my ma was believing. that was if she had even called or texted me. To go through the concluding stretch of this undertaking Chris and I played Clue and Monopoly. I non merely redeemed myself from the abashing public presentation during hoops but I dominated in both Clue and Monopoly. I deciphered the hints that resulted in Professor Plum being the liquidator in the kitchen with the lead saloon. Even though we were non able to complete our game of monopoly. we counted our monitory value in belongings and the sum of money we had left from the beginning and I besides beat Chris in that game every bit good. Equally shortly as nine o’clock struck I let out a suspiration of alleviation and said â€Å"I did it! † and stopped playing Monopoly. I was so happy that I was able to state that I had gone 8 hours with no media. The first thing I did was bend on my phone and delay for all the messages to come in. To my letdown. the lone message I had was from my female parent. Not merely was it merely organize my ma. but it was merely a one sentence message inquiring when I was traveling to be place. I realized that I was non that attached to media as I originally thought. I besides came to the decision that the lone existent ground I am on my phone so much is merely because I am bored and feel like I need to look busy. This feeling of holding to look busy or occupied comes from the of all time traveling of all time altering universe that engineering and media has created. Even in the younger coevalss it is socially engraved in us that we have to hold some kind of media with us at all times. If you do non hold a cell phone you aren’t â€Å"cool† if you don’t have the newest version of the iPod you’re labeled as outdated. Everyone needs to hold the biggest and the best. We need 50 telecastings when we go to a saloon so we can jostle nutrient in our oral cavities like a automaton while we get more amusement devouring the media we are exposed to than the nutrient that we are paying for. In all. media is ever around us and the lone true manner for us to ac quire off from it is to go cognizant of it all and to so take yourself from it.